When an AC servo motor works, a number of parts and procedures come together to provide precise motion control :
Stator and Rotor: The two most important parts of the AC servo motor are the rotor which is the revolving part and other is the stator which is the stationary part. The AC passing through the wire coils inside the stator creates a rotating magnetic field.
Feedback System: Servo motors, as compared to AC motors, have a feedback mechanism that makes use of encoders or resolvers. These devices give data regarding the position, speed, and torque of the motor.
Control System: A control system compares the parameters associated with motion , like position, speed, etc., with the feedback signals it gets from the motor. In response to this comparison, the control system generates a corrective signal, which changes how the motor operates.
Power Amplifier: By amplifying the signal from the control system, a power amplifier increases the signal strength required to drive the motor.
Motion: The motor windings produce a magnetic field that interacts with the stator's magnetic field after receiving the amplified signal. The rotor rotates as a result of this interaction, producing a motion.
Closed-loop Operation: In this process, the motor's performance is evaluated and that information is sent back to the control system.
Because of its closed-loop operation, the motor can precisely and accurately alter its operation in real-time to achieve the desired motion.
